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Compare Armenia (2001) - British Virgin Islands (2006)

Compare Armenia (2001) z British Virgin Islands (2006)

 Armenia (2001)British Virgin Islands (2006)
 ArmeniaBritish Virgin Islands
Administrative divisions 10 provinces (marzer, singular - marz) and 1 city* (k'aghak'ner, singular - k'aghak'); Aragatsotn, Ararat, Armavir, Geghark'unik', Kotayk', Lorri, Shirak, Syunik', Tavush, Vayots' Dzor, Yerevan* none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure 0-14 years:
23.23% (male 394,194; female 380,911)

15-64 years:
67.04% (male 1,094,646; female 1,141,760)

65 years and over:
9.73% (male 135,477; female 189,112) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 20.5% (male 2,403/female 2,331)


15-64 years: 74.3% (male 8,811/female 8,340)


65 years and over: 5.3% (male 636/female 577) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products fruit (especially grapes), vegetables; livestock fruits, vegetables; livestock, poultry; fish
Airports 7 (2000 est.) 3 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
7

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)
Area total:
29,800 sq km

land:
28,400 sq km

water:
1,400 sq km
total: 153 sq km


land: 153 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: comprised of 16 inhabited and more than 20 uninhabited islands; includes the islands of Tortola, Anegada, Virgin Gorda, Jost van Dyke
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland about 0.9 times the size of Washington, DC
Background An Orthodox Christian country, Armenia was incorporated into Russia in 1828 and the USSR in 1920. Armenian leaders remain preoccupied by the long conflict with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, a primarily Armenian-populated exclave, assigned to Soviet Azerbaijan in the 1920s by Moscow. Armenia and Azerbaijan began fighting over the exclave in 1988; the struggle escalated after both countries attained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. By May 1994, when a cease-fire took hold, Armenian forces held not only Nagorno-Karabakh but also a significant portion of Azerbaijan proper. The economies of both sides have been hurt by their inability to make substantial progress toward a peaceful resolution. First inhabited by Arawak and later by Carib Indians, the Virgin Islands were settled by the Dutch in 1648 and then annexed by the English in 1672. The islands were part of the British colony of the Leeward Islands from 1872-1960; they were granted autonomy in 1967. The economy is closely tied to the larger and more populous US Virgin Islands to the west; the US dollar is the legal currency.
Birth rate 11.47 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 14.89 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues:
$360 million

expenditures:
$566 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
revenues: $204.7 million


expenditures: $180.4 million; including capital expenditures of $33.8 million (1997)
Capital Yerevan name: Road Town


geographic coordinates: 18 27 N, 64 37 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate highland continental, hot summers, cold winters subtropical; humid; temperatures moderated by trade winds
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 80 km
Constitution adopted by nationwide referendum 5 July 1995 1 June 1977, amended in 2000
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Armenia

conventional short form:
Armenia

local long form:
Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun

local short form:
Hayastan

former:
Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic; Armenian Republic
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: British Virgin Islands


abbreviation: BVI
Currency dram (AMD) -
Death rate 9.74 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 4.42 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external $836 million (January 2001) $36.1 million (1997)
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK; internal self-governing
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Michael C. LEMMON

embassy:
18 Marshal Bagramian Avenue, Yerevan

mailing address:
American Embassy Yerevan, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7020

telephone:
[374] (2) 52-16-11

FAX:
[374] (2) 151-550
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Arman KIRAKOSIAN

chancery:
2225 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 319-1976

FAX:
[1] (202) 319-2982

consulate(s) general:
Los Angeles
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international Armenia supports ethnic Armenians in the Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan in the longstanding, separatist conflict against the Azerbaijani Government; traditional demands regarding former Armenian lands in Turkey have subsided none
Economic aid - recipient $245.5 million (1995) $NA
Economy - overview Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy. Since the implosion of the USSR in December 1991, Armenia has switched to small-scale agriculture away from the large agroindustrial complexes of the Soviet era. The agricultural sector has long-term needs for more investment and updated technology. The privatization of industry has been at a slower pace, but has been given renewed emphasis by the current administration. Armenia is a food importer, and its mineral deposits (gold, bauxite) are small. The ongoing conflict with Azerbaijan over the ethnic Armenian-dominated region of Nagorno-Karabakh and the breakup of the centrally directed economic system of the former Soviet Union contributed to a severe economic decline in the early 1990s. By 1994, however, the Armenian Government had launched an ambitious IMF-sponsored economic program that has resulted in positive growth rates in 1995-2000. Armenia also managed to slash inflation and to privatize most small- and medium-sized enterprises. The chronic energy shortages Armenia suffered in recent years have been largely offset by the energy supplied by one of its nuclear power plants at Metsamor. Armenia's severe trade imbalance, importing three times its exports, has been offset somewhat by international aid, domestic restructuring of the economy, and foreign direct investment. The economy, one of the most stable and prosperous in the Caribbean, is highly dependent on tourism, generating an estimated 45% of the national income. An estimated 350,000 tourists, mainly from the US, visited the islands in 1998. Tourism suffered in 2002 because of the lackluster US economy. In the mid-1980s, the government began offering offshore registration to companies wishing to incorporate in the islands, and incorporation fees now generate substantial revenues. Roughly 400,000 companies were on the offshore registry by yearend 2000. The adoption of a comprehensive insurance law in late 1994, which provides a blanket of confidentiality with regulated statutory gateways for investigation of criminal offenses, made the British Virgin Islands even more attractive to international business. Livestock raising is the most important agricultural activity; poor soils limit the islands' ability to meet domestic food requirements. Because of traditionally close links with the US Virgin Islands, the British Virgin Islands has used the US dollar as its currency since 1959.
Electricity - consumption 6.201 billion kWh (1999) 32.13 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production 6.668 billion kWh (1999) 34.55 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
45.56%

hydro:
23.25%

nuclear:
31.19%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Debed River 400 m

highest point:
Aragats Lerr 4,095 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mount Sage 521 m
Environment - current issues soil pollution from toxic chemicals such as DDT; energy blockade, the result of conflict with Azerbaijan, has led to deforestation when citizens scavenged for firewood; pollution of Hrazdan (Razdan) and Aras Rivers; the draining of Sevana Lich (Lake Sevan), a result of its use as a source for hydropower, threatens drinking water supplies; restart of Metsamor nuclear power plant without adequate (IAEA-recommended) safety and backup systems limited natural fresh water resources (except for a few seasonal streams and springs on Tortola, most of the islands' water supply comes from wells and rainwater catchments)
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants
-
Ethnic groups Armenian 93%, Azeri 3%, Russian 2%, other (mostly Yezidi Kurds) 2% (1989)

note:
as of the end of 1993, virtually all Azeris had emigrated from Armenia
black 83%, white, Indian, Asian and mixed
Exchange rates drams per US dollar - 554.29 (1 February 2001), 539.53 (2000), 535.06 (1999), 504.92 (1998), 490.85 (1997), 414.04 (1996) the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state:
President Robert KOCHARIAN (since 30 March 1998)

head of government:
Prime Minister Andranik MARKARYAN (since 12 May 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; special election last held 30 March 1998 (next to be held NA March 2003); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Robert KOCHARIAN elected president; percent of vote - Robert KOCHARIAN 59.5%, Karen DEMIRCHYAN 40.5%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor David PEAREY (since 18 April 2006)


head of government: Chief Minister Dr. Orlando D. SMITH (since 17 June 2003)


cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports $284 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities diamonds, scrap metal, machinery and equipment, brandy, copper ore rum, fresh fish, fruits, animals; gravel, sand
Exports - partners Belgium 36%, Iran 15%, Russia 14%, US 7%, Turkmenistan, Georgia (1999) Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, and orange blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Virgin Islander coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts a woman flanked on either side by a vertical column of six oil lamps above a scroll bearing the Latin word VIGILATE (Be Watchful)
GDP purchasing power parity - $10 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
40%

industry:
25%

services:
35% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 1.8%


industry: 6.2%


services: 92% (1996 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $3,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 5% (2000 est.) 1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 40 00 N, 45 00 E 18 30 N, 64 30 W
Geography - note landlocked strong ties to nearby US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico
Highways total:
8,431 km ()

paved:
NA

unpaved:
NA (1997)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs illicit cultivator of cannabis mostly for domestic consumption; increasingly used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs - mostly opium and hashish - to Western Europe and the US via Iran, Central Asia, and Russia transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe; large offshore financial center makes it vulnerable to money laundering
Imports $913 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities natural gas, petroleum, tobacco products, foodstuffs, diamonds building materials, automobiles, foodstuffs, machinery
Imports - partners Russia 17%, US 11%, Belgium 11%, Iran 10%, UK, Turkey (1999) Virgin Islands (US), Puerto Rico, US (2004)
Independence 21 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate 5% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries metal-cutting machine tools, forging-pressing machines, electric motors, tires, knitted wear, hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments, microelectronics, gem cutting, jewelry manufacturing, software development, brandy tourism, light industry, construction, rum, concrete block, offshore financial center
Infant mortality rate 41.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 16.72 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 19.5 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 13.79 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (1999 est.) 2% (2005)
International organization participation BSEC, CCC, CE, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, OECS (associate), UNESCO (associate), UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (1999) -
Irrigated land 2,870 sq km (1993 est.) NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Constitutional Court Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal (one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court); Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court; Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Labor force 1.5 million (1999) 12,770 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 55%, services 25%, industry 20% (1999 est.) agriculture: 0.6%


industry: 40%


services: 59.4%
Land boundaries total:
1,254 km

border countries:
Azerbaijan-proper 566 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave 221 km, Georgia 164 km, Iran 35 km, Turkey 268 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
17%

permanent crops:
3%

permanent pastures:
24%

forests and woodland:
15%

other:
41% (1993 est.)
arable land: 20%


permanent crops: 6.67%


other: 73.33% (2005)
Languages Armenian 96%, Russian 2%, other 2% English (official)
Legal system based on civil law system English law
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov (131 seats; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 30 May 1999 (next to be held in the spring of 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - unity bloc 61 (Republican Party 41, People's Party of Armenia 20), Stability Group (independent Armenian deputies who have formed a bloc) 21, ACP 10, ARF (Dashnak) 8, Law and Unity Party 7, NDU 6, Law-Governed Party 6, independents 10, unfilled 2; note - seats by party change frequently
unicameral Legislative Council (13 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 1 member from each of nine electoral districts, 4 at-large members; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 16 May 2003 (next to be held in 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NDP 8, VIP 5
Life expectancy at birth total population:
66.49 years

male:
62.12 years

female:
71.08 years (2001 est.)
total population: 76.68 years


male: 75.56 years


female: 77.84 years (2006 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
99%

male:
99%

female:
98% (1989 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97.8% (1991 est.)


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southwestern Asia, east of Turkey Caribbean, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico
Map references Commonwealth of Independent States Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - registered in other countries: 1 (North Korea 1) (2006)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Army, Air Force and Air Defense Aviation, Air Defense Force, Security Forces (internal and border troops) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $75 million (FY99) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 4% (FY99) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
905,154 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
715,734 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
34,998 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 21 September (1991) Territory Day, 1 July
Nationality noun:
Armenian(s)

adjective:
Armenian
noun: British Virgin Islander(s)


adjective: British Virgin Islander
Natural hazards occasionally severe earthquakes; droughts hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October)
Natural resources small deposits of gold, copper, molybdenum, zinc, alumina NEGL
Net migration rate -3.87 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 9.22 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines natural gas 900 km (1991) -
Political parties and leaders Armenia Party [Myasnik ALKHASYAN]; Armenian Communist Party or ACP [Vladimir DARBINYAN]; Armenian Revolutionary Federation ("Dashnak" Party) or ARF [Hrant MARKARYAN]; Christian Democratic Union or CDU [Azat ARSHAKYN, chairman]; Democratic Liberal Party [Ramkavar AZATAKAN, chairman]; Free Armenian's Mission [Ruben MNATSANIAN, chairman]; Law and Unity Party [Artashes GEGAMIAN, chairman]; Law-Governed Party [Artur BAGDASARIAN, chairman]; Mission Party [Artush PAPOIAN, chairman]; National Democratic Union or NDU [Vazgen MANUKIAN]; National State Party [Samvel SHAGINIAN]; Pan-Armenian National Movement or PANM [Vano SIRADEGHYAN]; People's Party of Armenia [Stepan DEMIRCHYAN]; Republican Party or RPA [Andranik MARKARYAN]; Shamiram Women's Movement or SWM [Gayane SARUKHYAN]; Social Democratic (Hnchakian) Party [Ernst SOGOMONYAN]; Stability Group [Vartan AYVAZIAN, chairman]; Union of National Self-Determination or NSDU [Paruir HAIRIKIAN, chairman]; Unity Bloc [Stepan DEMIRCHIAN and Andranik MARKARYAN] (a coalition of the Republican Party and People's Party of Armenia) Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Ethlyn SMITH]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Orlando SMITH]; United Party or UP [Gregory MADURO]; Virgin Islands Party or VIP [Ralph T. O'NEAL]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 3,336,100 (July 2001 est.) 23,098 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line 45% (1999 est.) NA%
Population growth rate -0.21% (2001 est.) 1.97% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors none -
Radio broadcast stations AM 9, FM 6, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios 850,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
852 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines

broad gauge:
852 km 1.520-m gauge (779 km electrified) (2001)
-
Religions Armenian Orthodox 94% Protestant 86% (Methodist 33%, Anglican 17%, Church of God 9%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6%, Baptist 4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2%, other 15%), Roman Catholic 10%, none 2%, other 2% (1991)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.96 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.72 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.1 male(s)/female


total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
system inadequate; now 90% privately owned and undergoing modernization and expansion

domestic:
the majority of subscribers and the most modern equipment are in Yerevan (this includes paging and mobile cellular service)

international:
Yerevan is connected to the Trans-Asia-Europe fiber-optic cable through Iran; additional international service is available by microwave radio relay and landline connections to the other countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States and through the Moscow international switch and by satellite to the rest of the world; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat
general assessment: worldwide telephone service


domestic: NA


international: country code - 1-284; submarine cable to Bermuda
Telephones - main lines in use 568,000 (1997) 11,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 6,220 (1997) 8,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 4 (1998) 1 (plus one cable company) (1997)
Terrain Armenian Highland with mountains; little forest land; fast flowing rivers; good soil in Aras River valley coral islands relatively flat; volcanic islands steep, hilly
Total fertility rate 1.5 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.72 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate 20% (1998 est.)

note:
official rate is 9.3% for 1998
3.6% (1997)
Waterways NA km -
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